The Risks Of Oral Sex
Oral sex with a condom or dental dam: It’s one of those things things
that sexual health educators preach but which people rarely practice. A
reminder of that came earlier this week with the release of a CDC
report noting that “adolescents perceive fewer health-related risks for
oral sex compared with vaginal intercourse” and, as a result, young
people may “be placing themselves at risk of STIs or HIV before they are
ever at risk of pregnancy.”
My immediate reaction to that was: Well, but there are fewer
health-related risks, right? Then I came across this remark in HealthDay
from Christopher Hurt, a professor in the Division of Infectious
Diseases at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: “I would
say that the risk of STD transmission through oral sex is
underappreciated and underestimated. As part of sex education programs,
kids need to be made aware of that fact that oral sex is not a
completely risk-free activity.” But, I wondered, just how dangerous is
it?
It turns out that putting a solid figure on the danger is difficult.
Nikki Mayes of the CDC’s media office says, “As far as I’m aware, no
studies have quantified the exact risk for all STIs [through oral sex],”
and the CDC doesn’t gather data on STIs contracted through oral sex.
It’s difficult to attribute infections to any single sex act — most
people who contract STIs engage in a variety of potentially risky sexual
practices.
But we can look at what we know about the transmission risks of
particular STIs, starting first with the one that scares people the
most: HIV. The greatest danger when it comes to oral sex is believed to
be with fellatio for the “receptive partner.” (Now here’s a mind fuck:
In clinical lingo, “receptive oral sex” refers to performing oral sex on
someone — or “giving head,” as the kids say — not to “receiving it.”
You can think of it this way: The receptive partner is receiving the
penis or vagina in their mouth.) The website of AVERT, an international
HIV and AIDS charity, explains that transmission can occur when “sexual
fluid (semen or vaginal fluid) or blood (from menstruation or a wound
somewhere in the genital or anal region) [gets] into a cut, sore, ulcer
or area of inflammation somewhere in their mouth or throat.”
The Risks Of Oral Sex
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